Inguinal Hernia

Dr. Sulaiman Bin Yusof

MbChB (Sheffield) M.Med (Surg) FRCSEd (Gen Surg)
蘇萊曼·尤索夫博士

What is an Inguinal Hernia?

Inguinal hernias are a common condition in which a portion of the intestine or fatty tissue pushes through a weak spot in the lower abdominal wall, specifically in the inguinal canal of the groin area.

This condition is more prevalent in men than in women and can be congenital (present at birth) or acquired later in life.

Types of Inguinal Hernia

Inguinal hernias are classified into two main types based on their cause and anatomical location.

Indirect Inguinal Hernia

This is the most common type, often occurring in infants and children due to a congenital weakness in the abdominal wall. The hernia follows the pathway of the testicles during foetal development, and in males, it can extend into the scrotum.

Direct Inguinal Hernia

This type of hernia typically occurs in adults due to the weakening of the abdominal muscles over time. It is caused by a defect or weakness in the posterior wall of the inguinal canal, which allows the intestine or fatty tissue to protrude directly through the abdominal wall.

Symptoms of Inguinal Hernia

Visible Bulge: A visible bulge in the groin is a clear sign of an inguinal hernia. This bulge becomes more noticeable when standing, coughing, or straining due to increased abdominal pressure, pushing the herniated tissue further out.

Pain or Discomfort: Pain or discomfort in the groin area is common, especially when bending over, lifting heavy objects, or coughing.

Weakness or Pressure: Many individuals with an inguinal hernia experience weakness, pressure, or heaviness in the groin due to the strain of the herniated tissue on the abdominal wall.

Burning or Aching Sensation: A burning or aching sensation at the site of the bulge is common and can be constant or intermittent and may be exacerbated by physical exertion. This is caused by irritation and inflammation of the tissues surrounding the hernia.

Swelling Around the Testicles: In men, an inguinal hernia can cause swelling around the testicles if the protruding intestine descends into the scrotum.

Causes & Risk Factors

Several underlying causes can lead to inguinal hernias, including:

Congenital Weakness

Some people are born with an innate weakness in the abdominal wall, particularly in the inguinal canal, predisposing them to hernias. This congenital weakness means the abdominal muscles are not as strong, allowing tissue to push through and form a hernia.

Increased Abdominal Pressure

Activities and conditions that increase intra-abdominal pressure can weaken the abdominal muscles over time.

Multiple Pregnancies

Increased weight and pressure, especially with multiple pregnancies, can weaken the abdominal muscles, which can lead to the development of a hernia as the muscles stretch and weaken.

Age and Gender

As people age, their muscles naturally lose strength and elasticity, making the abdominal wall more susceptible to hernias. Men are more likely to develop inguinal hernias than women due to the larger inguinal canal in men, through which the testes descend before birth.

Family History

A family history of inguinal hernias can increase the risk due to genetic factors that may contribute to the development of weak spots in the abdominal muscles.

Premature Birth

Infants born with a low birth weight or prematurely are at higher risk for inguinal hernias because their abdominal muscles may not be fully developed.

Diagnosis of Inguinal Hernia

Physical Examination

Diagnosis typically starts with a physical examination, where a doctor inspects the groin area for a visible bulge. The doctor will palpate the hernia, feeling for any protrusions in the groin, and may ask the patient to strain to make the hernia more noticeable. The doctor will also assess pain or discomfort in the groin during physical activities to evaluate the severity and location of symptoms.

Imaging Tests

If the hernia isn’t easy to see or feel, your doctor may use imaging tests to get a clearer picture:

  • Ultrasound: This test uses sound waves to create images of the inside of your body and can help detect hernias that are harder to spot.
  • CT Scan: A CT scan provides detailed pictures of your abdomen, helping to see if there is a hernia and how big it is.
  • MRI: An MRI uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create even more detailed images, offering another way to confirm the presence of a hernia and see how it affects the surrounding tissues.

Treatment Options

Non-Surgical Treatment

Non-surgical treatments can help manage hernia symptoms & reduce discomfort.

Pain Management

Over-the-counter pain relievers such as paracetamol or ibuprofen can help manage the pain associated with an inguinal hernia. These medications can reduce discomfort and improve daily functioning.

Truss or Supportive Garments

A truss or supportive garment provides external support, helping to keep the hernia in place and reduce discomfort, particularly during physical activities. A properly fitted truss should be used under a doctor’s guidance to ensure effectiveness and prevent further complications.

Surgical Treatment

Surgical intervention is required for inguinal hernias when non-surgical treatments fail to manage symptoms or complications develop.

Open Hernia Repair

Also known as herniorrhaphy, open hernia repair involves making an incision in the groin area to access the hernia. The protruding tissue is pushed back into the abdomen, and the weakened area is repaired with sutures, often reinforced with synthetic mesh (hernioplasty). This procedure is suitable for treating both small and large hernias and can be performed under local, regional, or general anaesthesia.

Laparoscopic Hernia Repair

This is a minimally invasive procedure that involves making several small incisions in the abdomen. A laparoscope, which is a thin tube with a camera, and other surgical tools are used to repair the hernia from within using synthetic mesh. This method is preferred for hernias that recur or occur on both sides, as it typically results in less pain and a faster recovery.

Are Your Hernia Symptoms Affecting Your Quality Of Life?

Consult our accredited hernia specialist for an accurate diagnosis and a personalised treatment plan today.

Prevention Measures

Certain measures can reduce your risk of developing an inguinal hernia. Keeping your abdominal muscles strong and avoiding activities that put too much pressure on your abdomen are key.

Simple exercises like planks and leg raises can help support your muscles, and lifting objects correctly can reduce strain on your abdomen. Eating a diet high in fibre can prevent constipation, which helps avoid straining during bowel movements—a common cause of increased abdominal pressure.

Maintaining a healthy weight is another factor, as extra weight adds pressure to your abdominal area.

billing & insurance

Partnered Programs & Insurance Plans

For Singaporeans, Singapore Permanent Residents and Foreigners. Please speak to our friendly clinic staff about using your insurance plans.

*Extended Panel

image

Dr. Sulaiman Bin Yusof

MbChB (Sheffield)

M.Med (Surgery)

FRCSEd (General Surgery)

蘇萊曼·尤索夫博士

Dr. Sulaiman Yusof is a distinguished Senior Consultant in colorectal and general surgery, boasting over 15 years of expertise. His passion lies in minimally invasive techniques, particularly robotic surgery, where he has achieved remarkable success using the Da Vinci Xi system. Dr. Sulaiman is dedicated to delivering high-quality, personalized, and empathetic care, always striving for the best outcomes for his patients.

Education & Specialist Training
  • MbChB(Sheffield)
  • M.Med(Surgery)
  • FRCSEd(General Surgery)

Dr. Sulaiman’s journey began at the University of Sheffield, where he graduated in 2002. He honed his skills during his house officer and basic surgical training in the UK before returning to Singapore. There, he completed his Advanced Surgical Training at Changi General Hospital and earned the Joint Speciality Fellowship in General Surgery in 2013.

Contact Us

Please leave us a message and our friendly clinic staff will be in touch with you shortly.

    For Faster Response, Call us!

    (65)‎ 6643‎ 9922

    our locations

    Gleneagles Medical Centre

    6 Napier Road #06-16
    Singapore 258499

    Mount Elizabeth Novena Hospital

    38 Irrawaddy Road, #10-48/49
    Singapore 329563

    Parkway East Hospital

    #05-08, 319 Joo Chiat Place
    Singapore 427989

    Mount Alvernia Hospital

    #08-62, Medical Centre D
    820 Thomson Road
    Singapore 574623

    Connexion

    Farrer Park Medical Centre #14-12
    1 Farrer Park Station Road
    Singapore 217562

    Frequently Asked Questions

    Can an inguinal hernia heal on its own without surgery?

    An inguinal hernia does not heal on its own and typically requires surgery to repair the weakened area of the abdominal wall. However, in some cases where the hernia is small and not causing significant symptoms, a doctor may recommend regular monitoring to detect changes.

    What is the recovery process after hernia surgery?

    Recovery after hernia surgery varies depending on the type of procedure performed. Generally, patients can expect some pain and swelling for a few days post-surgery. Most people can resume light activities within a week and normal activities within a few weeks, but heavy lifting should be avoided for several weeks to allow proper healing.

    What are the risks of leaving an inguinal hernia untreated?

    If left untreated, an inguinal hernia can cause complications such as incarceration (the hernia becomes trapped) or strangulation (the blood supply to the herniated tissue is severed). These complications require emergency medical attention.

    +65 8491 1525